| 2022/3 | 2023/3 |
Cash flows from operating activities | | |
Profit | 65,337 | 11,571 |
Depreciation and amortization | 21,002 | 25,889 |
Income tax expense | 27,146 | 12,316 |
Finance income and finance costs | -755 | 4,359 |
Losses (gains) on disposal or sales of property, plant and equipment | 483 | 438 |
Decrease (increase) in trade and other receivables | -14,153 | 12,488 |
Decrease (increase) in inventories | -175,557 | 48,571 |
Increase (decrease) in trade and other payables | 1,295 | -27,155 |
Increase or decrease in retirement benefit asset or liability | -361 | -197 |
Decrease (increase) in guarantee deposits | -10,473 | 5,993 |
Other | 9,187 | -17,932 |
Subtotal | -76,849 | 76,341 |
Dividends received | 751 | 731 |
Interest received | 417 | 2,591 |
Interest paid | -673 | -2,140 |
Income taxes paid | -27,306 | -33,093 |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | -103,660 | 44,430 |
Cash flows from investing activities | | |
Purchase of non-current assets | -59,937 | -39,088 |
Proceeds from sales of non-current assets | 725 | 933 |
Purchase of investments | -200 | -0 |
Proceeds from sale and redemption of investments | 18,065 | 803 |
Payments into time deposits | -9,187 | -4,749 |
Proceeds from withdrawal of time deposits | 22,328 | 3,496 |
Other | 315 | 925 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | -27,891 | -37,680 |
Cash flows from financing activities | | |
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings | 75,169 | 104,874 |
Purchase and sales of treasury stock, net | -7 | -1 |
Dividends paid | -18,736 | -19,550 |
Repayments of lease liabilities | -3,611 | -4,376 |
Other | -189 | 23 |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 52,626 | 80,970 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1,342 | 3,943 |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | -77,583 | 91,663 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 148,640 | 71,057 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | 71,057 | 162,720 |